The Hot Hand, Competitive Experience, and Performance Differences by Gender

Using data on junior golf tournaments, we find evidence that the “hot hand” does exist, and that its prevalence decreases as golfers gain experience. This provides an explanation as to why studies that consider professional athletes conclude that the hot hand does not exist. We also show that females are much more likely to experience the hot hand compared with similar males, and provide evidence that this disparity is driven by differences in competitive experience. As golfers’ experience increases, gender dissimilarities disappear. We argue that exposure to competition may also drive other gender differences identified in competitive environments.

The Gender Gap Cracks Under Pressure: A Detailed Look at Male and Female Performance Differences During Competitions

Using data from multiple-period math competitions, we show that males outperform females of similar ability during the first period. However, the male advantage is not found in any subsequent period of competition, or even after a two-week break from competition. Some evidence suggests that males may actually perform worse than females in later periods. The analysis considers various experimental treatments and finds that the existence of gender differences depends crucially on the design of the competition and the task at hand. Even when the male advantage does exist, it does not persist beyond the initial period of competition.competitiveness, gender differences, effort and productivity, field experiment

Status and habitat requirements of Physaria thamnophila, an endangered species of Tamaulipan thornscrub

	Physaria (Lesquerella) thamnophila (Brassicaceae; henceforth Physaria) is an endangered herbaceous perennial plant of remnant patches of Tamaulipan thornscrub near the southern Texas border. Six years of censuses of four populations of Physaria were analyzed. Quantitative data were collected to describe the plant community in the four sites. There was no overall trend in population size, but fluctuations in observed numbers of plants among years were extremely large: a single census cannot provide a reliable assessment of a population of this species. Seedling numbers were positively related with shrub canopy cover. However, there were many more Physaria plants in the brush-cleared portion of one site than in its uncleared portion. Seedling survival may be facilitated by anything that reduces movement of the highly erodible soils of these sites

Causes of Gender Differences in Competition: Theory and Evidence

We use a game theoretic model of contests to assess different explanations for the male performance advantage in competition. Comparing the testable predictions of the model with the empirical evidence, we reject explanations involving male overcon- fidence, misperceptions about relative ability, and some preference differences. Ex- planations involving female underconfidence, stereotype threat, and adverse female reaction to competition are consistent with only some of the evidence, and an expla- nation involving lower male risk aversion is consistent with most of the evidence. Two explanations are consistent with all of the evidence: (i) male ability to perform may in- crease in the face of competition, possibly due to changes in testosterone or adrenaline; or (ii) males may care more about winning or get greater enjoyment from competition than females.contests, gender differences, effort and productivity

Endocrine control of ovulation rate in the cow

Techniques to increase prolificacy in cattle have met with limited success; the aim of these studies was to investigate the potential of actively immunising cattle against certain gonadal hormones, and to examine the physiological basis of these treatments. Eight heifers were immunised against 8mg of a testosterone conjugate in Freund's Incomplete Adjuvant, & nine animals served as controls. These heifers were given one priming and two booster injections at four-month intervals. After the last booster injection, 7/8 animals had become anoestrous, and displayed significantly raised blood progesterone & mean LH concentrations,increased LH pulse frequency, & decreased mean FSH concentrations.Seven months after this treatment, 3/7 anoestrous heifers resumed ovarian cyclicity, with a mean ovulation rate of 2.7+0.7.To determine if the different ovarian responses observed above could be obtained by changes of ovarian steroid feedback seen during the oestrous cycle, groups of 6 heifers were implanted with large,medium or small sized oestradiol capsules during the luteal phase of the cycle. Five control heifers received empty implants. During the luteal phase of the cycle following implantation, all heifers were ovariectomised. The effect of the treatment on ovarian function and gonadotrophin secretion in the presence or absence of progesterone (PRID) was then determined. Increasing physiological concentrations of oestradiol reduced the number of large antral follicles and corpora lutea, but not the total number of antral follicles >lmm diameter. A combination of progesterone and oestradiol were fully effective in maintaining luteal-phase concentrations of LH and FSH, and follicular-phase concentrations of oestradiol alone were able to maintain LH and FSH concentrations within the physiological range. Thus changes of blood steroid levels similar to those seen during the oestrous cycle may interrupt ovarian function.Cattle were therefore immunised against a non-steroidal, partly purified fraction of ovine follicular fluid (PPFF) enriched ininhibin-like activity as measured in vivo and in vitro. Active immunisation against 0.4mg and 4mg ovine PPFF produced 1/5 & 3/5 heifers with multiple ovulations, respectively; this was not associated with changes of FSH secretion. To examine in more detail the endocrine responses to this treatment, and to investigate possible comparative aspects, cows were immunised against 4mg ovine, porcine or equine PPFF. No treatment increased ovulation rate, but the porcine-PPFF immunised heifers showed a 7-fold increase in mean LH secretion that could not be explained by alterations in pulsatile secretion or in steroid feedback.Collectively, these results suggest that the cow does not respond consistently to treatments so far designed to alter gonadotrophin secretion, that inhibin is not a major feedback hormone in this species, and that the heifer may possess an influential intra-ovarian control mechanism which ultimately determines ovulation rate

Understanding Logistics Airmen’s Risk Information Seeking and Processing during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Organizational Meetings in an Extended PRISM Framework

The purpose of this survey-based research was to understand how organizational workplace meetings surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic impacted logistics Airmen across the United States Air Force and subsequently played a role into their risk seeking behavior on social media. Specifically, this research tested an expanded Planned Information Risk Seeking Model with organizational meetings as an antecedent to determine if current meetings influenced an Airman\u27s perceived behavioral control, attitude toward seeking, subjective norms, knowledge sufficiency an intentions to seek information regarding COVID-19

The Utilization Of Local History In Teaching American Religious History: A Gilded Age And Progressive Era North Dakota Case Study

Teachers of college-level courses on American religious history generally leave out the importance of local and regional histories when telling the story of religion in America. The study of local history provides a fertile ground for understanding broad national trends in a local context. This dissertation focuses upon a little-studied religious body in North Dakota to see how Anglo settlers on the prairie viewed their religious experience in a Gilded Age and Progressive Era context. By emphasizing the records of the North Dakota Baptist State Convention at the North Dakota State Archives in Bismarck and the First Baptist Church of Grand Forks at the Orin G. Libby Department of Special Collections, it quickly became evident that the North Dakota Baptists fell solidly in line with the overarching English-speaking Protestant establishment that supported such efforts and ideas as evangelism, reform, nativism, and the Great War as the pathway to a truly Christianized America. As a Doctor of Arts project, this research was integrated into a course on Religion in American Politics and Culture. The results of this case study in terms of student learning and assessment make up the conclusion of this project

Work-family-life satisfaction :

M.H.R--University of Oklahoma, 2015.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-64).The purpose of this study was to investigate how professional and personal experiences influence total life satisfaction of 261 university-affiliated people. An online survey was conducted to assess the relationships between perceived organizational support, burnout, communication technologies, personal responsibilities, enrichment between work and family, and overall life satisfaction. The results indicated work and family significantly influenced each other in addition to total life satisfaction. Supplemental hypotheses revealed perceived organizational support has a positive relationship with professional satisfaction. Burnout and communication technologies outside of work hours have a negative relationship with professional satisfaction. Work and family enrichment significantly influenced one another. Personal responsibilities were not significant of personal satisfaction in totality but did prove significant from specific individual questions on certain sample demographic traits